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population growth and its impacts

Hundreds of years ago, the world was more beautiful and fascinating. Man lived a simple life and was more close to nature. He was surrounded by a clean, fresh, green and pleasant environment. The soil was rich. Water was crystal clear and sweet. The air was fresh and clean. The people around were well known to him. They shared their joys and sorrows. He worked in the field, grew crops and vegetables. Man worked really hard to fulfill the needs of life. He kept cattle. Butter, cheese, bread, cakes and cookies were made at home. Horses and ponies were used for riding and carrying loads. He was contented and happy. The life was going on peacefully and pleasantly. After a long period of time a revolution came in the life of man when the wheel was invented. That was the beginning of a new era i.e. the era of inventions. Man invented remarkable machines: from a telephone to a cell phone, from a type writer to a computer, from a steam engine to a bullet train, from a hot air balloon to a jet air plane. The discovery of penicillin followed by vaccine put an end to many fatal diseases like smallpox. As a result the rate of mortality decreased. All these things brought a great change in the life of an ordinary man. Now population started growing rapidly. More people required more food, more space and more facilities of life.

Man got worried about that. The advanced countries of the world sensed the danger. They made careful plans and succeeded in controlling the population growth but the under-developed countries paid no attention to control population of the backward countries is more as compared to the population of the advanced countries. Population is increasing rapidly in under developed and developing countries. These countries include Pakistan, India, China, Indonesia, Africa and Latin America. Pakistan is a developing country. When it came into being in 1947, its population was only thirty million but at presents its population is about eighteen hundred million. It means the population has increased about six times. It is increasing at the rate of 3.5% per annum. This rapid population growth has created many problems. The green fertile fields that produced crops and vegetables are shrunk or replaced by houses, markets and buildings. Less space is left for cultivation that cannot meet the food requirement of the large number of people. That created shortage of several food items and high price. Cities are expanding and population is growing up. Families are also spreading out.