OPERATING SYSTEM:
OPERATING SYSTEM:
Operating system is system software. It
is the most important software that runs on a computer. It is a collection of
programs that supervises and controls overall functions of a computer.
Operating system also organizes all the data and runs other applications in a
computer. It manages all the functions of a computer. It creates a link between
a user and the computer. A computer is useless without an operating system.
There are some of (OS) operating system is given below:
COMMAND LINE INTERFACE (CLI):
A CLI (command line interface) is user
interface of a computer’s operating systems in which a user communicate with
the operating system by typing a command on a specified line. The computer acts
on that command and then issues a new prompt for the next instruction from the
user. The MS-DOS and UNIX
are few examples of command line interface.
DISK OPERATING SYSTEM (DOS)
OS
was developed by Microsoft for IBM; MS-DOS was the standard operating system for IBM – compatible personal computers. DOS is a command line interface operating system. It
can manage and control the I\O devices. It provides a user interface and also
manages the system resources and memory. A user must learn all the commands of
the DOS to use it. Therefore it is not a user
friendly OS. Disk operating system does not support multiple users or
multitasking.
MDI ( MENU DRIVEN INTERFACE):
A menu driven interface
is different from a command line interface. Menu driven interfaces provide
menus. The instructions are presented on a screen and the user types in a
letter or number corresponding to the option they want. A menu driven interface
does not require a user to memorize commands, which makes navigation easier for
the user.
GRAPHICAL USER INTRFACE (GUI):
A graphical user
interface is the way most of us interact with the computer. A GUI uses windows,
icons, and menus to carry out commands. GUI operating systems are operated by
using a mouse, or key board shortcuts and arrow keys. Unlike a command line
interface operating system like UNIX or MS-DOS, GUI operating systems are much
easier for end user to learn and use. They do not need to memorize all
commands. GUI operating systems have become the dominant operating system used
by end users today. Windows, Mac OS and Linux are of the examples of graphical
user interface.
WINDOWS:
Windows is the most popular and widely
used operating system in the world. Almost 80 to 90 percent of the computers in
the world run of Microsoft windows. It is very user friendly operating system.
It supports almost all hardware and Windows consist of task bar, start menu,
application launcher and icons.
MACINTOSH:
After the windows, Macintosh is one of
the most used operating system in the world. It is designed for apple
applications. Unique features of computers and devices. It is highly
recommended for the graphic design projects. Macintosh features multiple
rectangular work areas to reflect multitasking capabilities. It also provides
basic networking services. Unique features of the Mac operating system include
the Apple icon, the Dock, and an application menu strip at the top of the
screen.
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